Process for impregnating the filaments and mantles used in incandescent gas-lighting.



G. BAGRAOHOW. rnocnss r011 mranum'rmo THE FILAMENTS AND mmnns USED ININGANDESOENT GAS LIGHTING.

1 1 O8, 1 1 6 vAIILICIATION FILED JULY 13,1911. Patented 25,

FIELI (Uitnesses aim THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON. D- LUNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

GR-EGOIRE BAGR-ACHOW, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

PROCESS FOR IMPREG-NATING THE FILAMEN TS AND MANTLES USED IN INCAN-DESCENT GAS-LIGHTING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 25, 1914.

Application filed July 13, 1911. Serial No. 638,301.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GREoomE Baenaonow, acitizen of the French Republic, residing at 52 Rue Etienne Marcel,Paris, in the Department of Seine, Fran-cc, have invented a new anduseful Improved Process for Impregnating the Filaments and Mantles Usedin Incandescent Gas-Lighting, of which the following is a specification.I

The present invention relates to an improved process for the productionof incandescent gas mantles, having a base of incombustible orrefractory material, namely, metallic wire of the requisiteinfusibility. Many attempts have been made to produce such mantles on abase of platinum or the like wire, but hitherto without success, mainlyowing to the fact that the Wire, being a good conductor of heat reducedthe temperature of the flame surrounding the mantle and consequentlydiminished the incandescence thereof. Now the inventor has discoveredthat by employing a woven wire fabric composed of wire of from .001 to.003 centimeter in diameter this difliculty is overcome and the mantleproduced on such a base is fully as luminous as a mantle on a base ofcotton or ramie, while retaining the advantage of the greater strengthof the non-combustible base. In order to coat effectively mantles ofwire of such tenuity with a sufliciently thick layer of incandescencematerial, a special process has been invented by aid of which it becomespossible to coat even the finest mantle in the concentrated bath ofsalts without deforming it or causing the sides to collapse and adheretogether. For this purpose an immersion bath is used formed of asolution of rare earths in alcohol, ether, etc., but particularly andpreferably highly concentrated solutions having an alcohol base. Therare earths employed in the bath are those usually used (zirconium,etc.)

In order to carry out the present invention the bare filaments ormantles to be impregnated must be immersed in the ignited bath, theduration of the immersion'being regulated according to the thickness ofthe deposit of rare earths required. Being plunged beneath the surfaceof the flaming bath, the mantles when withdrawn pass through the flameand the deposit of rare earths is incidentally dried upon the surface ofthe mantle as it emerges from the bath.

By this means the mantles keep their shape, which is of specialimportance with mantles formed of very thin metallic threads; and thesemetallic threads are covered by a layer of rare earths of a greater orless thickness; this layer of rare earths is thereby incorporated andadheres firmly to the metallic thread.

The process may be easily carried out. It is possible for example totreat a row of mantles simultaneously by using an appropriate vessel asshown on the drawing in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of aVessel arranged for coating a row of mantles. Fig. 2 is a side Viewpartially in section of the vessel shown in Fig. 1.

The vessel a contains a concentrated solution of rare earths in alcohol.This vessel can be formed, with a sliding lid 7). Notched side brackets0 (Z are arranged to support a bar f on which are hung the mantles g,for example mantles formed of platinum or nickel threads. When the bar 7is supported high up on the brackets the mantles g hang freely above thebath and when the bar is hung on a lower notch on the brackets themantles are immersed in the bath. The bath is preferably composed asfollows: Alcohol of 90% strength 100 gr., nitrate of thorium 50 gr.,nitrate of cerium 5 gr., nitrate of beryllium or glucinium 1 gr.,nitrate of zirconium 0.1 gr.

The mantles to be treated being arranged on the bar above the bath thelid is withdrawn and the alcohol set alight for the purpose of slightlypre-heating the mantles. Then these are immersed in the flaming alcohol.The longer the mantles are left in the flaming bath the greater is thedeposit of rare earths. The mantles are then withdrawn and held above arow of Bunsen burners for the purpose of burning of! any remainingliquid. In order to put out the flaming bath of alcohol it is onlynecessary to push in the lid inclosing it. A further important technicaleffect arises from the use of the flaming alcohol bath: At the momentwhen the mantle is withdrawn from the flaming bath, the flame arisingfrom the bath heats the mantle successively through out its entirelength, before it comes into contact with the air. This flame thereforeacts as a drying flame, andprevents any downflow of moisture throughoutthe, aim-- tle. The dry mantle can accordingly be easily transportedover a Bunsen burner to calcine it, or to further dry it, and drive 01?completely all trace of alcohol which might still adhere to it. Finally,I am aware that it has been proposed to heat metallic mantles, before orduring dipping in the alcoholic bath preferably by means of an electriccurrent; butthis method is inapplicable to the very fine wire mantlesfor the treatment of which my process is designed,

lVhat I claim is:

1. Improved process for coating with an incandescence layer wovenmantles composed of metallic wire of thickness not materially exceedingthree hundredths of a millimeter which consists in preparing a bathofthe rare earths in a combustible woven wire mantle in said bathand-withdrawing it from the flaming bath in a heated state.

2. Improved process for coating with an incandescence layer wovenmantles composed of metallic wire of thickness not materially exceedingthree hundredths of a millimeter which consists in preparing a bath ofthe rare earths in a combustible liquid, igniting the said bath, dippingthe woven wire mantle in said bath and withdrawing it from the flamingbath in a heated state and completing the drying and calcining over aflame.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GREGOIRE BAGRACHON.

Witnesses PAUL CA UET,

Copies 01 this patent may be obtained for. five'cents each,-byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, i D. t G.

